PEMETAAN KOMPONEN KEPIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KEBAHAGIAAN PENJAWAT AWAM DI MALAYSIA
MAPPING THE COMPONENTS OF TRANSFORMATIONAAL LEADERSHIP AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HAPPINESS OF CIVIL SERVANTS IN MALAYSIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v7i1.1081Keywords:
kepimpinan transformasional, pertimbangan individu, matlamat pembangunan lestari (SDG), kesejahteraan, kebahagiaan penjawat awamAbstract
Kajian ini bertujuan memetakan komponen kepimpinan transformasional dan implikasinya terhadap kebahagiaan penjawat awam di Malaysia. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, kajian melibatkan 300 responden yang dipilih secara rawak daripada sebuah agensi kerajaan. Soal selidik terbuka diedarkan untuk mengenal pasti ciri-ciri kepimpinan yang paling dihargai dan menyumbang kepada kebahagiaan serta kesejahteraan kerja. Analisis pengekodan tematik digunakan untuk memetakan ciri-ciri tersebut kepada empat komponen utama kepimpinan transformasional Bass: Pertimbangan Individu, Pengaruh Ideal, Motivasi Inspirasi, dan Rangsangan Intelektual. Dapatan utama menunjukkan Pertimbangan Individu mendominasi dengan kekerapan tertinggi (f = 1092), diikuti Pengaruh Ideal (f = 729), Motivasi Inspirasi (f = 561), dan Rangsangan Intelektual (f = 186). Ciri-ciri seperti “walk the talk”, integriti tinggi, pemahaman dan sokongan peribadi, penghormatan terhadap staf, serta kepekaan terhadap kebajikan menjadi faktor utama yang mengurangkan tekanan kerja, meningkatkan kepuasan tugas, dan memupuk emosi positif serta kebahagiaan di tempat kerja. Pemimpin yang empatik dan memberi perhatian individu berupaya membina persekitaran kerja yang positif, inklusif, dan berdaya tahan. Kajian ini menegaskan peranan kepimpinan transformasional, khususnya pertimbangan individu, dalam menyokong Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari (SDG 3): Kesihatan dan Kesejahteraan yang Baik. Cadangan termasuk memperkukuh program latihan kepimpinan yang menekankan empati, integriti, dan pembangunan individu bagi meningkatkan kesejahteraan penjawat awam secara mampan di sektor awam Malaysia.
This study maps the components of transformational leadership and their implications for the happiness of public servants in Malaysia. Employing a quantitative design, the research involved 300 randomly selected respondents from a Malaysian government agency. An open-ended questionnaire was distributed to identify the most valued leadership characteristics contributing to overall happiness and workplace well-being. Thematic coding analysis was applied to map these characteristics against Bass four core components of transformational leadership: Individualized Consideration, Idealized Influence, Inspirational Motivation, and Intellectual Stimulation. Results indicated Individualized Consideration as the most prominent component (f = 1092), followed by Idealized Influence (f = 729), Inspirational Motivation (f = 561), and Intellectual Stimulation (f = 186). Dominant traits included “walking the talk,” high integrity, understanding and personal support, respect for staff, and concern for employee welfare, which collectively reduced work stress, enhanced job satisfaction, and promoted positive emotions and happiness at work. Empathetic leaders who provide individualized attention were shown to foster positive, inclusive, and resilient work environments. The findings highlight the critical role of transformational leadership particularly individualized consideration in advancing Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-Being). Recommendations include strengthening leadership training programs that emphasize empathy, integrity, and individual development to sustainably improve the well-being of public servants in Malaysia's public sector.
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