FROM NEEDS TO DESIGN: STUDENTS’ READINESS FOR AUGMENTED REALITY IN CEFR A1 ARABIC LEARNING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v7i4.1294Keywords:
listening skills, Arabic language, students’ readiness, design, augmented realityAbstract
Listening skills are fundamental in language acquisition. Based on previous research findings, several challenges have been identified in mastering listening skills, thus highlighting the need for innovative approaches. Therefore, this study aims to examine students’ readiness and design requirements for the integration of augmented reality (AR) in learning Arabic listening skills at the CEFR A1 level. This study employed a quantitative research design using a questionnaire distributed to 261 students from the Social Sciences cluster at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam, who were taking Arabic as a third language. Purposive sampling was used to select the respondents. The data were analysed using SPSS version 29 to obtain mean scores, standard deviations, and percentages. The findings indicate that students demonstrate a high level of readiness towards the use of AR, particularly in terms of interest in multimedia integration and willingness to engage in interactive learning environments. In addition, the study identified key design requirements, including multimodal content integration, user-friendly interface design, and alignment with CEFR A1 proficiency level. The study concludes that the successful integration of AR in Arabic listening learning is not solely dependent on technological availability but is also influenced by students’ readiness and pedagogically grounded design. These findings contribute to the development of needs-driven AR-based learning applications in foreign language education.
References
[1] Baharudin, S.M., Mohamad, F. (2025): Need analysis of multimedia instructional learning materials to improve Malaysian vocational college students' motivation to use English for communication materials. – International Journal of Modern Education 7(25): 155-175.
[2] Brown, J. (2023): Needs analysis in language curriculum design. – Language Teaching Research 15p.
[3] Chen, Y., Wang, Q., Chen, N.S. (2023): Effects of multimedia learning on listening comprehension. – Computers & Education 190: 12p.
[4] Council of Europe (2020): Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment-Companion Volume. – Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg 278p.
[5] Creswell, J.W., Creswell, J.D. (2018): Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. – SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks, California 304p.
[6] Garzón, J., Acevedo, J. (2023): Meta-analysis of augmented reality in education. – Educational Research Review 38: 15p.
[7] García, M., Pérez, L. (2022): CEFR-based listening instruction for beginners. – The Language Learning Journal 15p.
[8] Hamada, Y. (2023): The role of repetition in listening comprehension. – System 112: 12p.
[9] Hashim, H., Yunus, M.M. (2022): Students' perceptions of technology integration in language learning. – Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction 19(2): 145-165.
[10] Krejcie, R.V., Morgan, D.W. (1970): Determining sample size for research activities. – Educational and Psychological Measurement 30(3): 607-610.
[11] Mayer, R.E. (2021): Multimedia Learning. – Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 450p.
[12] Nurjanah, A., Retnowati, E. (2024): Augmented reality in the perspective of cognitive load theory. – AIP Conference Proceedings 2622: 7p.
[13] Omar, N., Rahman, N.A., Yusoff, Z. (2024): Technology integration in Arabic language learning in Malaysian higher education. – GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies 24(1): 89-105.
[14] Pallant, J. (2020): SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis Using IBM SPSS. – Routledge, London 378p.
[15] Parong, J., Mayer, R.E. (2023): Learning science in immersive virtual reality. – Journal of Educational Psychology 13p.
[16] Radianti, J., Majchrzak, T.A., Fromm, J., Wohlgenannt, I. (2020): A systematic review of immersive technologies in higher education: Design elements, lessons learned, and research agenda. – Computers & Education 147: 33p.
[17] Rahman, A., Mamat, N. (2022): Challenges in learning Arabic as a foreign language among Malaysian students. – Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia 47(1): 25-34.
[18] Rahman, N., Hashim, H. (2024): Multimedia learning in ESL context. – Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction 15p.
[19] Shaharuddin, H.N., Nordin, F.N., Shafri, M.H., Abdul Raup, F.S., Ismail, M.R., Anshar, K. (2025): Listening to Arabic as a foreign language: Challenges and the role of augmented reality in enhancing comprehension. – International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 9(10): 7347-7357.
[20] Sweller, J., Ayres, P., Kalyuga, S. (2023): Cognitive Load Theory. 2nd ed. – Springer 300p.
[21] Yusoff, Z., Abdullah, M. (2023): Teaching approaches in Arabic language learning at university level. – AJTLHE: Malaysian Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education 15(2): 56-72.
[22] Zhu, X., Peng, K., Yu, S., Wang, G. (2026): Can augmented reality technology reduce learners' cognitive load? A meta-analysis. – Smart Learning Environments 13: 22p.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 HANIS NAJWA SHAHARUDDIN, FITRI NURUL'AIN NORDIN, MUHAMMAD HATTA SHAFRI, FUDZLA SURAIYYA ABDUL RAUP, MOHAMAD ROFIAN ISMAIL, KHAIRU BARIEYAH ANSHAR

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.