INTEGRASI PENYELESAIAN MASALAH KOMPLEKS DAN PEMBUATAN-KEPUTUSAN INDUSTRI DALAM PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN TEKNIKAL DAN VOKASIONAL
INTEGRATING COMPLEX PROBLEM SOLVING AND INDUSTRIAL DECISION-MAKING IN TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v7i4.1330Keywords:
penyelesaian masalah kompleks, pembuatan keputusan industry, TVET, penilaian autentik, kompetensi industriAbstract
Perkembangan pesat Industri 4.0 dan Industri 5.0 telah meningkatkan keperluan terhadap tenaga kerja yang memiliki keupayaan penyelesaian masalah kompleks dan pembuatan keputusan industri. Walau bagaimanapun, amalan pengajaran dan penilaian dalam Pendidikan dan Latihan Teknikal dan Vokasional (TVET) masih banyak menumpukan kepada tugasan rutin dan prosedural yang kurang mencerminkan situasi industri sebenar. Kajian ini bertujuan membangunkan satu kerangka konseptual yang mengintegrasikan penyelesaian masalah kompleks dan pembuatan keputusan industri dalam konteks TVET. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan reka bentuk konseptual melalui analisis keperluan, sintesis teori, sorotan literatur, dan pengesahan pakar daripada bidang akademik dan industri. Kerangka yang dibangunkan mengintegrasikan beberapa teori utama seperti Teori Kompleksiti, Penyelesaian Masalah Kompleks, Kognisi Situasi, dan pembelajaran autentik bagi membentuk proses penyelesaian masalah yang lebih sistematik dan kontekstual. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kerangka ini berjaya mengoperasionalisasikan proses utama seperti pengenalpastian masalah, pengumpulan maklumat, penilaian alternatif, pemilihan keputusan, pelaksanaan, dan refleksi ke dalam indikator pembelajaran yang boleh diukur. Selain meningkatkan keupayaan penaakulan dan pemikiran reflektif pelajar, kerangka ini turut membantu memperkukuh kesediaan pelajar TVET dalam menghadapi cabaran industri masa hadapan. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada pembangunan pendekatan penilaian autentik yang lebih relevan dengan keperluan industri semasa dan masa depan.
The rapid advancement of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 has intensified the demand for a workforce equipped with complex problem-solving and industrial decision-making capabilities. However, current practices in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) remain largely focused on routine and procedural tasks that do not adequately reflect authentic industrial environments. This study aims to develop a conceptual framework integrating complex problem-solving and industrial decision-making within the TVET context. The study employed a conceptual design approach involving needs analysis, theoretical synthesis, literature review, and expert validation from academic and industrial fields. The proposed framework integrates several key theories, including Complexity Theory, Complex Problem Solving, Situated Cognition, and authentic learning to establish a more systematic and contextualized problem-solving process. The findings indicate that the framework successfully operationalizes key processes such as problem identification, information gathering, evaluation of alternatives, decision selection, implementation, and reflection into measurable learning indicators. In addition to enhancing students’ reasoning and reflective thinking abilities, the framework also strengthens TVET students’ readiness to face future industrial challenges. This study contributes to the development of a more authentic assessment approach that is aligned with current and future industrial needs.
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