AGRICULTURE, RENEWABLE ENERGY, AND CO2 EMISSIONS IN MALAYSIA: AN ARDL ANALYSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v7si4.1577Keywords:
agriculture, renewable energy, carbon emissions, economic growth, ARDL, MalaysiaAbstract
The development of renewable energy has become an increasingly important factor in reducing environmental degradation, and in promoting sustainable economic development. The existing empirical literature has examined the nexus between economic growth, renewable energy, agriculture and environmental degradation in isolation or focus in sectors. However, the empirical literature that jointly analyze how agriculture activity, renewable energy and how these relationships behave in both short run and long run are absent in the context of Malaysia. It is important to understand the interconnection between agriculture activities with the renewable energy in Malaysia and uptake to shape the short run and long run emissions trajectories. This study aims to investigate the nexus between agriculture and renewable energy on carbon emissions in Malaysia. This study examines the impact of agriculture, renewable energy consumption and economic growth on CO2 emissions by using annual data for the years 1990–2020 by using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to investigate both the short-run and long-run relationships between the variables. The results show that renewable energy consumption and sustainable agricultural development are helpful to reduce CO2 emissions, while the economic growth increases environmental pressure through higher energy demand and industrial activities. The study emphasizes the need for integrating renewable energy policies and sustainable agricultural practices to support Malaysia’s transition to a low-carbon economy. The findings have important implications for policy makers in developing strategies that balance economic development, environmental sustainability and agricultural productions.
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Copyright (c) 2026 MUHAMMAD AKMAL SAZALI, CHONG SIEW HUAY, SALWATY JAMALUDIN, RABIATUL MUNIRAH ALPANDI
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